R (from www.r-project.org)
cygwin : a unix for PC. It has bash (a born-again shell) and most gnu
softwares. Especially c/c++/fortran compiler gcc!
NT-emacs (and LEIM too if you use international language)
ESS (Emacs Speaks Statistics): OK. These three need to be set up to work
together (specify home directory, modify .emacs, .bash, site-start.el etc.)
Further tweaking may be required to make it work with MikTeX (see below) too.
Perl (ActivePerl) : great for data cleaning/pre-processing.
Miktex : for technical writing. LaTeX
Ghostscript and ghostview
: viewing and
manipulating postscript files
ImageMagick : batch resizing and USM'ing all those > 2MB photos from
D70!
Irfanview : sensible replacement of the default image/fax viewer
TeXPoint: for using LaTeX equations in Powerpoint
ArcView: GIS viewer putty for SSHif you want a free substitute good enough for most purposes)
XFree86: an X server; mostly
running Linux/SUN version of
the above softwares in the remote server
Firefox : superfast replacement of IE
Toad Free: Oracle client
SQLYog: MySQL client
Winzip : some free alternatives are out there...
Microsoft Office (Outlook, Word, Powerpoint, Excel):
Acrobat : for making PDF files
SAS : it's amazing there's a job title called "SAS programmer"
Minitab : many useful stat commands, all a few clicks away...
Matlab : matrix handling powerhouse... learn some and pass as an engineer!